Recent groundbreaking neuroimaging studies, including research from King’s College London, have finally identified specific molecular changes that underlie the condition. Researchers discovered altered patterns of activity in the brain’s glutamate and serotonin networks among VSS patients. They found reduced synchronised activity in the anterior cingulate cortex—a crucial hub for sensory integration—and the visual cortex. This chemical imbalance disrupts how the brain filters complex visual and sensory information, providing a clear, biological basis for the syndrome rather than it being purely a structural anomaly.